Suchergebnisse

Türkiye, İkinci Dünya Savaşı boyunca savaş dışı kalmaya gayret etmiş, savaşın sonuna kadar ya da artık kazanan kaybeden belli olana kadar savaşa katılmamıştır. Savaşa katılması ise sadece barış görüşmelerinde masada yer almaya yönelik, sembolik nitelikte olmuştur. Bununla birlikte savaşın sonlarına doğru Sovyet Rusya tarihi emellerini gerçekleştirmek için hem Türkiye hem de müttefiki olduğu devletlere (özellikle İngiltere ve ABD) baskı yapmaya başlamış, çeşitli konferanslarda Türkiye üzerindeki emellerini (Boğazlarda Sovyet askeri üssü kurulması) gerçekleştirmek için taraftar toplama gayreti içerisine girmiştir. Sovyet Rusya ayrıca -Türkiye'den resmi bir talepte bulunmasa da- Kars-Sovyet sınırında kendi lehine tadilat için çalışmalar yürütmüştür. Sovyet Rusya'nın bu istekleri Türkiye'de büyük bir tepkiye neden olmuş ancak Türkiye sorunu Batılı devletleri olaya müdahil ederek çözme yoluna gitmiştir. Nitekim Türkiye, Sovyet Rusya tarafından kendisine verilen notaların birer örneklerini İngiltere ve ABD'ye göndermiştir. İngiltere ve ABD savaşın ortalarında Sovyet Rusya'nın isteklerine makul yaklaşıp müzakere edilebilir görmüştür. Ancak savaşın sonuna doğru müttefiklerin kendi içlerinde anlaşmazlıkları su yüzüne çıkmaya başlamış ve herkes kendi çıkarını gözetir konuma geçmiştir. Böylelikle Sovyet Rusya'nın yayılmacı istekleri en başta İngiltere ve ABD tarafından reddedilmiştir. İngiltere bu süreç içerisinde ABD ile birlikte hareket edip Türkiye tarafında bir politika yürütmüş, Türk devlet adamları da İngiltere ile sürekli olarak bilgi alışverişi içerisinde olmuşlardır ; Turkey made an effort to be noncombatant during the Second World War and also didn't crusade until the winner or loser became. Crusading of Turkey was just symbolic; it was only for sitting at the table during the peace talks. Moreover, the Soviet Russia started to pressurize both Turkey and other allied powers (especially England and the USA) to achieve its historical goals and went into the effort of attracting supporters for accomplishing their targets (establishing a Soviet military base at straits) about Turkey as well. Furthermore, much as the Soviet Russia didn't have an official request from Turkey, they carried out alteration works for border changes at the northeast of Turkey in its favor. These efforts of Russia caused a significant reaction in Turkey, but the government officials of Turkey preferred to solve this issue by inserting the western countries in the case. Turkey sent one apiece of copies of notes which were given by Russia to England and USA for this purpose. England and USA accepted the demands of Russia as negotiable in the midst of the war. But, disagreements arose between the allies and each party started to look out for oneself towards the end of the war. Thus, the expansionist demands of Russia were first denied by England and USA. During that period, England moved in concert with the USA by conducting a policy in favor of Turkey; Turkish diplomats were continuously in communication with England. Finally, Turkey has kept its territorial integrity with the support of west and then conducted foreign policies so as to be close to England and USA

1st World Conference on Learning, Teaching and Administration, WCLTA-2010 ; History having inherently a very voiceful structure is a hybrid science which places within the whole educational process from primary education to higher education and which is mostly based upon international interaction. Today, "Atatürk's Principles and History of Turkish Revolution" lecture, which is compulsory in all higher education institutions and has a past as early as Turkish Republic itself, has been a cultural and educational heritage presented by Atatürk. This lecture has been under the control of state until today. State's intervention to the name and even the contents of the lecture as an internal controller has brought about various criticisms. Those criticisms have basicly been caused due to the perception of this intervention by the political authority to the lecture. On the other hand, the state, which has continued to its intervention and been criticized because of this attitude, has evaluated the issue as a matter of regime since it has a crucial oversensitivity. This work indicates the current situation of compulsory history lecture in higher education throughout the historical process and comprises sundry recommendations on how a more independent and actuality based history education in higher education can be achieved.

1st World Conference on Learning, Teaching and Administration (WCLTA), OCT 29-31, 2010, Amer Univ, Cairo, EGYPT -- -- ; History having inherently a very voiceful structure is a hybrid science which places within the whole educational process from primary education to higher education and which is mostly based upon international interaction. Today, "Ataturk's Principles and History of Turkish Revolution" lecture, which is compulsory in all higher education institutions and has a past as early as Turkish Republic itself, has been a cultural and educational heritage presented by Ataturk. This lecture has been under the control of state until today. State's intervention to the name and even the contents of the lecture as an internal controller has brought about various criticisms. Those criticisms have basicly been caused due to the perception of this intervention by the political authority to the lecture. On the other hand, the state, which has continued to its intervention and been criticized because of this attitude, has evaluated the issue as a matter of regime since it has a crucial oversensitivity. This work indicates the current situation of compulsory history lecture in higher education throughout the historical process and comprises sundry recommendations on how a more independent and actuality based history education in higher education can be achieved. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.